A comprehensive review on multifunctional bioactive properties of elm oyster mushroom Hypsizygus ulmarius (Bull.) Redhead (Agaricomycetes): Current research, challenges and future trends (2025)

Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activity of <i>Schinus terebinthifolia</i> Fruit and Isolation of a New Immunomodulatory Polyphenolic Compound

Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2022

Biologically active compounds from species of the phylum Basidiomycota have been shown a wide range of pharmacological activities and provide a vast reservoir of potential innovational drugs. The aim of this review is to discuss some mechanisms of action involved in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic/antitumoral activities attributed to the bioactive compounds from species of the phylum Basidiomycota. We show that isolated compounds from extracts, secondary metabolites and polysaccharides that presented antioxidant properties have mechanisms of action involved in the elimination/capture of free radicals and reduction of lipid peroxidation. Also, some bioactives with anti-inflammatory activity were reported to enhance innate and cellmediated immune responses. Finally, compounds that presented cytotoxic/antitumoral activity induces increased free radical production, collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased expression of proteins responsible for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Investigating the mechanisms of action of biologically active compounds will facilitate further efforts to accelerate the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies.

Edible Mushrooms: Cultivation, Bioactive Molecules, and Health Benefits

Reference series in phytochemistry, 2019

Edible Mushrooms for Sustainable and Healthy Human Food: Nutritional and Medicinal Attributes

Sustainability

Global food production faces many challenges, including climate change, a water crisis, land degradation, and desertification. These challenges require research into non-traditional sources of human foods. Edible mushrooms are considered an important next-generation healthy food source. Edible mushrooms are rich in proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive components (alkaloids, lactones, polysaccharides, polyphenolic compounds, sesquiterpenes, sterols, and terpenoids). Several bioactive ingredients can be extracted from edible mushrooms and incorporated into health-promoting supplements. It has been suggested that several human diseases can be treated with extracts from edible mushrooms, as these extracts have biological effects including anticancer, antidiabetic, antiviral, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, immune-potentiating, and hypo-cholesterolemic influences. The current study focuses on sustainable approaches for handling edible mushrooms and their second...

Potential of mushroom bioactive molecules to develop healthcare biotech products

Mushrooms are widely appreciated all over the world for their nutritional value and medicinal properties. They have low fat, high protein and vitamins contents. Mushrooms contain several minerals and trace elements, as well as substantial amount of dietary fibers. Basidiomycetes mushrooms (phylum Basidiomycota) including agaric and bracket fungi are also producers of bioactive molecules and valuable enzymes with different therapeutic effects. Therefore, they are considered as perspective organisms to develop different healthcare biotech-product. The main groups of bioactive molecules produced by different mushrooms are polysaccharides, terpenoids, phenolics, lectins etc. More than 126 therapeutic effects (immunemodulating, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, ect.) of these molecules were revealed. Nowadays, interest to biotechnological cultivation of Basidiomycetes mushrooms is related with the growing demand of different mushroom-based biotech-products in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. The submerged cultivation of mycelium has significant industrial potential to obtain biomass and desired bioactive molecules for further development of consistent and safe healthcare products. Several pharmaceuticals (krestin, lentinane, coriolan, schyzophillan, etc.) formulated from medicinal mushrooms are already available in the world market. The majority of mushroom products possesses beneficial health effects owing to the synergistic action of present bioactive molecules and can be used on a regular basis without harm. Nutritive, anti-inflammatory, regenerative and antioxidant properties of several mushrooms makes their usage perspective in manufacturing of cosmetic products. Formulation of balanced food for pets is anew area of application of mushroom biotech-products. Establishment and maintenance of culture collections play important role in studies of biodiversity, genetic resources and biotechnological potential of Basidiomycetes mushrooms.

A review of mushroom cultivation and production, benefits and therapeutic potentials

World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences

The purpose of this paper is to review and evaluate published literature on mushroom cultivation and production and the range of benefits and therapeutic potential. A systematic method was used to gather the relavant literature. A total of twenty-six research papers published between the years 1970 to 2022 were selected and utilized in this review. Tables were used to present the results and relevant figures were used to place emphasis on contents discussed. In this paper five (5) benefits and nine (9) therapeutic potentials were evaluated and reported on. Some medicinal mushrooms and their uses and bioactive compounds were also discussed in this paper. Additionally, mushroom cultivation and production was addressed as well as challenges associated with mushroom farming and an assessment of their nutritional content compared to other food consumed by humans. The published papers established that mushrooms have been massed produced and harvested for a long time and their benefits are...

Medicinal mushroom: boon for therapeutic applications

3 Biotech, 2018

Medicinal mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low fat content and a trans-isomer of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fibre content, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, sterols, eritadenine and chitosan. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods and drugs. They have outstanding attractive taste, aroma and nutritional value, so are considered as functional food, which means they are beneficial to the body not only in terms of nutrition but also for improved health. Medicinal mushrooms and their extract have a large number of bioactive components called secondary metabolites. The presence of polysaccharide β-glucans or polysaccharide-protein complexes content in mushroom extract have great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory, hypocholesteremia, hepatoprotective nature along with anti-aging. The present review focuses on...

Narrative Review: Bioactive Potential of Various Mushrooms as the Treasure of Versatile Therapeutic Natural Product

Journal of Fungi

Mushrooms have remained an eternal part of traditional cuisines due to their beneficial health potential and have long been recognized as a folk medicine for their broad spectrum of nutraceuticals, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic uses. Nowadays, they have been extensively investigated to explain the chemical nature and mechanisms of action of their biomedicine and nutraceuticals capacity. Mushrooms belong to the astounding dominion of Fungi and are known as a macrofungus. Significant health benefits of mushrooms, including antiviral, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, antifungal, wound healing, anticancer, immunomodulating, antioxidant, radical scavenging, detoxification, hepatoprotective cardiovascular, anti-hypercholesterolemia, and anti-diabetic effects, etc., have been reported around the globe and have attracted significant interests of its further exploration in commercial sectors. They can function as functional foods, help in the treatment and therapeutic interventions o...

Mycelia from Pleurotus sp. (oyster mushroom): a new wave of antimicrobials, anticancer and antioxidant bio-ingredients

International Journal of Phytocosmetics and Natural Ingredients

Background-There has been an upsurge of interest in mushrooms, such as Pleurotus species, as an important source of bioactive compounds. Mycelia-submerged culture represents a promising approach to search new safe and healthy myco-products with standardized quality in addition to mushroom fruiting bodies. Methods-The study examined the in vitro antimicrobial, antitumor and antioxidant activities of a hot-water extract from Pleurotus sp. mycelium. The antimicrobial activity was screened through the activation of the microbial autolytic system of four bacteria and four yeast strains. The anti-proliferative effects on NB4 human leukemia cells were measured by flow-cytometry analyses. The antioxidant activity was investigated by the scavenging of DPPH and ABTS radicals, the reducing power and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Results and discussion-The extract activated the microbial autolytic system of eight strains: seven autolyzing strains with intensity values (Is) ranging from 2.7% in Candida sp. to 36.1% in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thus, the microbial autolytic system of the strains tested (including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as yeasts) could be activated in vitro by mycelial extract. Pleurotus extract reduced the viability of NB4 leukemia cells, particularly at the concentration of 200 μg/mL to 82% compared to control cells, and induced apoptosis demonstrated by an increase in annexin V-FITC+ cells (25% at 200 μg/mL). At 10 mg/mL, the extract showed the most potent scavenging effects for DPPH and ABTS radicals (96% and 55%, respectively) and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation (52%). The mushroom extract at 5 mg/mL manifested reducing power of 1.105. Although carbohydrates (76.8%, w/w) appear to be the most important bioactive compounds, secondary metabolites, like phenolics, would also contribute to the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities. Conclusions-The hot-water extract obtained from Pleurotus mycelium, in light of its in vitro antimicrobial, antitumor and antioxidant effects could be considered a good candidate for developing nutraceuticals and for designing innovative myco-therapeutics and phytocosmetics applications.

The Edible Mushroom Pleurotus spp.: II. Medicinal Values

International Journal of Biotechnology for Wellness Industries, 2017

Mushrooms health benefit was recognized in the Orient from several thousand years ago as globally consumption and has third largest commercially production. The genus Pleurotus (oyster mushroom) is an organoleptic fast growing fungus which belongs to basidiomycota group. Although 70 species is discovered until now for this genus, but only few of them are available in market such as Pleurotus florida, P. sajor-caju and P. ostreatus. They have been used in human diet throughout the world due to their rich nutrients such as protein, fiber carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins and lipid. It should be noted that low amount calories, Sodium, fat and cholesterol is reported in this genus. Many pharmaceutical companies in the Far East and China are viewing the medicinal mushrooms as a rich source of innovative biomedical molecules. These molecules can be extracted from different part of oyster mushroom such as fruiting body, mycelia and culture broth. Mainly they are biopolymers including polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids as they are more variable to carry biological information. The medicinal properties of Pleurotus spp studied by several authors, as a result antitumor, immunomodulating, antiviral, antibacterial, antigenotoxic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolamic, antihypertensive, antiinociceptive, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-platelet-aggregating, antihepatoma, anti poliferative and antiatherosclerotic. In this chapter, biodivertsity of genus Pleurotus will be discussed regarding nutritional and bioactive compounds. Furthermore the prospective of oyster mushroom for therapeutic application and concept will be highlighted.

The Edible Mushrooms Pleurotus spp.: Medicinal values

Mushrooms health benefit was recognized in the Orient from several thousand years ago as globally consumption and has third largest commercially production. The genus Pleurotus (oyster mushroom) is an organoleptic fast growing fungus which belongs to basidiomycota group. Although 70 species is discovered until now for this genus, but only few of them are available in market such as Pleurotus florida, P. sajor-caju and P. ostreatus. They have been used in human diet throughout the world due to their rich nutrients such as protein, fiber carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins and lipid. It should be noted that low amount calories, Sodium, fat and cholesterol is reported in this genus. Many pharmaceutical companies in the Far East and China are viewing the medicinal mushrooms as a rich source of innovative biomedical molecules. These molecules can be extracted from different part of oyster mushroom such as fruiting body, mycelia and culture broth. Mainly they are biopolymers including polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids as they are more variable to carry biological information. The medicinal properties of Pleurotus spp studied by several authors, as a result antitumor, immunomodulating, antiviral, antibacterial, antigenotoxic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolamic, antihypertensive, antiinociceptive, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-platelet-aggregating, antihepatoma, anti poliferative and antiatherosclerotic. In this chapter, biodivertsity of genus Pleurotus will be discussed regarding nutritional and bioactive compounds. Furthermore the prospective of oyster mushroom for therapeutic application and concept will be highlighted.